Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them. Project number: 2023-1-NL01-KA220-HED-000155675. Case Study 17: Possibilities of Artificial Intelligence in Education An Assessment of the role of AI chatbots as a communication medium in higher education General information Slepankova, M. (2021). Possibilities of Artificial Intelligence in Education An Assessment of the role of AI chatbots as a communication medium in higher education. Master Thesis, Linnaeus University. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECCE61019.2023.10442360 University/ HEI: Linnaeus University, Sweden Course and subject domain: No specific Aim: Investigate the factors that influence the acceptability of AI chatbots by university students in HE which might point subsequently to the lack of usage. The study also suggests the most appropriate communication areas of AI chatbot application in HE suggested by students. The thesis utilises the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) model to find the predictors of AI chatbots acceptability in HEIs. Target group: Students Description of case AI tool used: No specific A detailed description of what happened: A mixed-mode survey-research among students. Lessons learned Non-judgmental expectancy, Performance expectancy, and Effort expectancy have been concluded as the main predictors of acceptability. These constructs can positively influence the AI chatbot acceptability by providing an easy-to-use, unbiased, 24/7 available solution for simple educational, informative, and assistance tasks. Further, fast information provision positively impacts students' inner well-being by eliminating negative feelings associated with waiting. Students suggested that most possible applications of AI chatbots are in communication areas concerning recap of course material, study material recommendation and exam and requirements information. Implications for practice This master’s thesis can then be used as a base for the framework for AI chatbot application in HE, part of the digital strategy proposal of some universities or policymakers, or as an inspiration for proof of concept to justify if the concept has practical potential. For instance, the study could be used when an educational
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